/*
    Copyright 2005-2009 Intel Corporation.  All Rights Reserved.

    This file is part of Threading Building Blocks.

    Threading Building Blocks is free software; you can redistribute it
    and/or modify it under the terms of the GNU General Public License
    version 2 as published by the Free Software Foundation.

    Threading Building Blocks is distributed in the hope that it will be
    useful, but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty
    of MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
    GNU General Public License for more details.

    You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
    along with Threading Building Blocks; if not, write to the Free Software
    Foundation, Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA  02110-1301  USA

    As a special exception, you may use this file as part of a free software
    library without restriction.  Specifically, if other files instantiate
    templates or use macros or inline functions from this file, or you compile
    this file and link it with other files to produce an executable, this
    file does not by itself cause the resulting executable to be covered by
    the GNU General Public License.  This exception does not however
    invalidate any other reasons why the executable file might be covered by
    the GNU General Public License.
*/

#ifndef __TBB_concurrent_queue_H
#define __TBB_concurrent_queue_H

#include "tbb/tbb_stddef.h"
#include <new>

namespace tbb {

template<typename T> class concurrent_queue;

//! @cond INTERNAL
namespace internal {

class concurrent_queue_rep;
class concurrent_queue_iterator_rep;
class concurrent_queue_iterator_base;
template<typename Container, typename Value> class concurrent_queue_iterator;

//! For internal use only.
/** Type-independent portion of concurrent_queue.
    @ingroup containers */
class concurrent_queue_base: no_copy {
    //! Internal representation
    concurrent_queue_rep* my_rep;

    friend class concurrent_queue_rep;
    friend struct micro_queue;
    friend class concurrent_queue_iterator_rep;
    friend class concurrent_queue_iterator_base;
protected:
    //! Prefix on a page
    struct page {
        page* next;
        uintptr mask; 
    };

    //! Capacity of the queue
    ptrdiff_t my_capacity;
   
    //! Always a power of 2
    size_t items_per_page;

    //! Size of an item
    size_t item_size;
private:
    virtual void copy_item( page& dst, size_t index, const void* src ) = 0;
    virtual void assign_and_destroy_item( void* dst, page& src, size_t index ) = 0;
protected:
    __TBB_EXPORTED_METHOD concurrent_queue_base( size_t item_size );
    virtual __TBB_EXPORTED_METHOD ~concurrent_queue_base();

    //! Enqueue item at tail of queue
    void __TBB_EXPORTED_METHOD internal_push( const void* src );

    //! Dequeue item from head of queue
    void __TBB_EXPORTED_METHOD internal_pop( void* dst );

    //! Attempt to enqueue item onto queue.
    bool __TBB_EXPORTED_METHOD internal_push_if_not_full( const void* src );

    //! Attempt to dequeue item from queue.
    /** NULL if there was no item to dequeue. */
    bool __TBB_EXPORTED_METHOD internal_pop_if_present( void* dst );

    //! Get size of queue
    ptrdiff_t __TBB_EXPORTED_METHOD internal_size() const;

    void __TBB_EXPORTED_METHOD internal_set_capacity( ptrdiff_t capacity, size_t element_size );
};

//! Type-independent portion of concurrent_queue_iterator.
/** @ingroup containers */
class concurrent_queue_iterator_base {
    //! Concurrentconcurrent_queue over which we are iterating.
    /** NULL if one past last element in queue. */
    concurrent_queue_iterator_rep* my_rep;

    template<typename C, typename T, typename U>
    friend bool operator==( const concurrent_queue_iterator<C,T>& i, const concurrent_queue_iterator<C,U>& j );

    template<typename C, typename T, typename U>
    friend bool operator!=( const concurrent_queue_iterator<C,T>& i, const concurrent_queue_iterator<C,U>& j );
protected:
    //! Pointer to current item
    mutable void* my_item;

    //! Default constructor
    __TBB_EXPORTED_METHOD concurrent_queue_iterator_base() : my_rep(NULL), my_item(NULL) {}

    //! Copy constructor
    concurrent_queue_iterator_base( const concurrent_queue_iterator_base& i ) : my_rep(NULL), my_item(NULL) {
        assign(i);
    }

    //! Construct iterator pointing to head of queue.
    concurrent_queue_iterator_base( const concurrent_queue_base& queue );

    //! Assignment
    void __TBB_EXPORTED_METHOD assign( const concurrent_queue_iterator_base& i );

    //! Advance iterator one step towards tail of queue.
    void __TBB_EXPORTED_METHOD advance();

    //! Destructor
    __TBB_EXPORTED_METHOD ~concurrent_queue_iterator_base();
};

//! Meets requirements of a forward iterator for STL.
/** Value is either the T or const T type of the container.
    @ingroup containers */
template<typename Container, typename Value>
class concurrent_queue_iterator: public concurrent_queue_iterator_base {
#if !defined(_MSC_VER) || defined(__INTEL_COMPILER)
    template<typename T>
    friend class ::tbb::concurrent_queue;
#else
public: // workaround for MSVC
#endif 
    //! Construct iterator pointing to head of queue.
    concurrent_queue_iterator( const concurrent_queue_base& queue ) :
        concurrent_queue_iterator_base(queue)
    {
    }
public:
    concurrent_queue_iterator() {}

    /** If Value==Container::value_type, then this routine is the copy constructor. 
        If Value==const Container::value_type, then this routine is a conversion constructor. */
    concurrent_queue_iterator( const concurrent_queue_iterator<Container,typename Container::value_type>& other ) :
        concurrent_queue_iterator_base(other)
    {}

    //! Iterator assignment
    concurrent_queue_iterator& operator=( const concurrent_queue_iterator& other ) {
        assign(other);
        return *this;
    }

    //! Reference to current item 
    Value& operator*() const {
        return *static_cast<Value*>(my_item);
    }

    Value* operator->() const {return &operator*();}

    //! Advance to next item in queue
    concurrent_queue_iterator& operator++() {
        advance();
        return *this;
    }

    //! Post increment
    Value* operator++(int) {
        Value* result = &operator*();
        operator++();
        return result;
    }
}; // concurrent_queue_iterator

template<typename C, typename T, typename U>
bool operator==( const concurrent_queue_iterator<C,T>& i, const concurrent_queue_iterator<C,U>& j ) {
    return i.my_item==j.my_item;
}

template<typename C, typename T, typename U>
bool operator!=( const concurrent_queue_iterator<C,T>& i, const concurrent_queue_iterator<C,U>& j ) {
    return i.my_item!=j.my_item;
}

} // namespace internal;
//! @endcond

//! A high-performance thread-safe queue.
/** Multiple threads may each push and pop concurrently.
    Assignment and copy construction are not allowed.
    @ingroup containers */
template<typename T>
class concurrent_queue: public internal::concurrent_queue_base {
    template<typename Container, typename Value> friend class internal::concurrent_queue_iterator;

    //! Class used to ensure exception-safety of method "pop" 
    class destroyer {
        T& my_value;
    public:
        destroyer( T& value ) : my_value(value) {}
        ~destroyer() {my_value.~T();}          
    };

    T& get_ref( page& page, size_t index ) {
        __TBB_ASSERT( index<items_per_page, NULL );
        return static_cast<T*>(static_cast<void*>(&page+1))[index];
    }

    /*override*/ virtual void copy_item( page& dst, size_t index, const void* src ) {
        new( &get_ref(dst,index) ) T(*static_cast<const T*>(src)); 
    }

    /*override*/ virtual void assign_and_destroy_item( void* dst, page& src, size_t index ) {
        T& from = get_ref(src,index);
        destroyer d(from);
        *static_cast<T*>(dst) = from;
    }

public:
    //! Element type in the queue.
    typedef T value_type;

    //! Reference type
    typedef T& reference;

    //! Const reference type
    typedef const T& const_reference;

    //! Integral type for representing size of the queue.
    /** Notice that the size_type is a signed integral type.
        This is because the size can be negative if there are pending pops without corresponding pushes. */
    typedef std::ptrdiff_t size_type;

    //! Difference type for iterator
    typedef std::ptrdiff_t difference_type;

    //! Construct empty queue
    concurrent_queue() : 
        concurrent_queue_base( sizeof(T) )
    {
    }

    //! Destroy queue
    ~concurrent_queue();

    //! Enqueue an item at tail of queue.
    void push( const T& source ) {
        internal_push( &source );
    }

    //! Dequeue item from head of queue.
    /** Block until an item becomes available, and then dequeue it. */
    void pop( T& destination ) {
        internal_pop( &destination );
    }

    //! Enqueue an item at tail of queue if queue is not already full.
    /** Does not wait for queue to become not full.
        Returns true if item is pushed; false if queue was already full. */
    bool push_if_not_full( const T& source ) {
        return internal_push_if_not_full( &source );
    }

    //! Attempt to dequeue an item from head of queue.
    /** Does not wait for item to become available.
        Returns true if successful; false otherwise. */
    bool pop_if_present( T& destination ) {
        return internal_pop_if_present( &destination );
    }

    //! Return number of pushes minus number of pops.
    /** Note that the result can be negative if there are pops waiting for the 
        corresponding pushes.  The result can also exceed capacity() if there 
        are push operations in flight. */
    size_type size() const {return internal_size();}

    //! Equivalent to size()<=0.
    bool empty() const {return size()<=0;}

    //! Maximum number of allowed elements
    size_type capacity() const {
        return my_capacity;
    }

    //! Set the capacity
    /** Setting the capacity to 0 causes subsequent push_if_not_full operations to always fail,
        and subsequent push operations to block forever. */
    void set_capacity( size_type capacity ) {
        internal_set_capacity( capacity, sizeof(T) );
    }

    typedef internal::concurrent_queue_iterator<concurrent_queue,T> iterator;
    typedef internal::concurrent_queue_iterator<concurrent_queue,const T> const_iterator;

    //------------------------------------------------------------------------
    // The iterators are intended only for debugging.  They are slow and not thread safe.
    //------------------------------------------------------------------------
    iterator begin() {return iterator(*this);}
    iterator end() {return iterator();}
    const_iterator begin() const {return const_iterator(*this);}
    const_iterator end() const {return const_iterator();}
    
}; 

template<typename T>
concurrent_queue<T>::~concurrent_queue() {
    while( !empty() ) {
        T value;
        internal_pop(&value);
    }
}

} // namespace tbb

#endif /* __TBB_concurrent_queue_H */