changed comments to english

src/KenjinxAndroid/app/src/main/AndroidManifest.xml

@@ -17,7 +17,7 @@
     <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.READ_EXTERNAL_STORAGE" />
     <!-- Notifications + special-use Foreground Service (Android 14+) -->
     <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.POST_NOTIFICATIONS" />
-    <!-- Erforderlich für startForeground() -->
+    <!-- Required for startForeground() -->
     <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.FOREGROUND_SERVICE" />
     <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.FOREGROUND_SERVICE_MEDIA_PLAYBACK"/>
     <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.WAKE_LOCK"/>
@@ -88,8 +88,6 @@
             android:exported="false"
             android:stopWithTask="true"
             android:foregroundServiceType="mediaPlayback" />
-
-
     </application>
 
 </manifest>

src/KenjinxAndroid/app/src/main/java/org/kenjinx/android/GameHost.kt

@@ -40,7 +40,7 @@ class GameHost(context: Context?, private val mainViewModel: MainViewModel) : Su
 
     private val mainHandler = Handler(Looper.getMainLooper())
 
-    // ---- Foreground-Service Binding ----
+    // ---- Foreground service binding ----
     private var emuBound = false
     private var emuBinder: EmulationService.LocalBinder? = null
     private var _startedViaService = false
@@ -52,7 +52,7 @@ class GameHost(context: Context?, private val mainViewModel: MainViewModel) : Su
             emuBound = true
             ghLog("EmulationService bound")
 
-            // Falls Start bereits vorbereitet wurde und noch kein Loop läuft → jetzt im Service starten
+            // If startup is already prepared and no loop is running yet → start it in the service now
             if (_isStarted && !_startedViaService && _guestThread == null) {
                 startRunLoopInService()
             }
@@ -66,7 +66,7 @@ class GameHost(context: Context?, private val mainViewModel: MainViewModel) : Su
         }
     }
 
-    // Resize-Stabilizer
+    // Resize stabilizer
     private var stabilizerActive = false
 
     // last known Android rotation (0,1,2,3)
@@ -143,7 +143,7 @@ class GameHost(context: Context?, private val mainViewModel: MainViewModel) : Su
 
     override fun surfaceCreated(holder: SurfaceHolder) {
         ghLog("surfaceCreated")
-        // Früh binden, damit der Service schon steht, bevor wir starten
+        // Bind early so the service is ready before we start
         ensureServiceStartedAndBound()
         rebindNativeWindow(force = true)
     }
@@ -152,26 +152,26 @@ class GameHost(context: Context?, private val mainViewModel: MainViewModel) : Su
         ghLog("surfaceChanged ${width}x$height")
         if (_isClosed) return
 
-        // IMMER neu binden – auch wenn die Größe gleich bleibt
+        // ALWAYS rebind—even if the size stays the same
         rebindNativeWindow(force = true)
 
         val sizeChanged = (_width != width || _height != height)
         _width = width
         _height = height
 
-        // Service sicherstellen & Renderstart
+        // Ensure service is running & start rendering
         ensureServiceStartedAndBound()
         start(holder)
 
-        // Resize stabilisieren (übernimmt plausibles final size set)
+        // Stabilize resize (applies plausible final size)
         startStabilizedResize(expectedRotation = lastRotation)
     }
 
     override fun surfaceDestroyed(holder: SurfaceHolder) {
         ghLog("surfaceDestroyed → shutdownBinding()")
-        // Immer binden lösen (verhindert Leaks beim Task-Swipe)
+        // Always unbind (prevents leaks when swiping away the task)
         shutdownBinding()
-        // Eigentliche Emu-Beendigung passiert via close() / Exit Game
+        // Actual emulation shutdown happens via close() / Exit Game
     }
 
     override fun onWindowVisibilityChanged(visibility: Int) {
@@ -214,12 +214,12 @@ class GameHost(context: Context?, private val mainViewModel: MainViewModel) : Su
     private fun start(surfaceHolder: SurfaceHolder) {
         if (_isStarted) return
 
-        // NICHT gleich _isStarted = true → erst alles vorbereiten
+        // Do NOT set _isStarted = true immediately → prepare everything first
         rebindNativeWindow(force = true)
 
         game = if (mainViewModel.isMiiEditorLaunched) null else mainViewModel.gameModel
 
-        // Input initialisieren
+        // Initialize input
         KenjinxNative.inputInitialize(width, height)
         _inputInitialized = true
 
@@ -235,7 +235,7 @@ class GameHost(context: Context?, private val mainViewModel: MainViewModel) : Su
             KenjinxNative.setSurfaceRotationByAndroidRotation(currentRot ?: 0)
             try { KenjinxNative.deviceSetWindowHandle(currentWindowHandle) } catch (_: Throwable) {}
 
-            // Sanfter Kick nur wenn Renderer READY **und** Input init
+            // Gentle kick only when renderer is READY **and** input is initialized
             if (width > 0 && height > 0 &&
                 MainActivity.mainViewModel?.rendererReady == true &&
                 _inputInitialized
@@ -247,10 +247,10 @@ class GameHost(context: Context?, private val mainViewModel: MainViewModel) : Su
         val qs = org.kenjinx.android.viewmodels.QuickSettings(mainViewModel.activity)
         try { KenjinxNative.graphicsSetFullscreenStretch(qs.stretchToFullscreen) } catch (_: Throwable) {}
 
-        // Host gilt nun als „gestartet“
+        // Host is now considered 'started'
         _isStarted = true
 
-        // Immer bevorzugt im Service starten; wenn Bind noch nicht fertig → kurz warten, dann fallback
+        // Prefer starting in the service; if binding isn't ready yet → wait briefly, then fall back
         if (emuBound) {
             startRunLoopInService()
         } else {
@@ -260,7 +260,7 @@ class GameHost(context: Context?, private val mainViewModel: MainViewModel) : Su
                 if (emuBound) {
                     startRunLoopInService()
                 } else {
-                    // Fallback: lokaler Thread (sollte selten passieren)
+                    // Fallback: local thread (should be rare)
                     ghLog("Fallback: starting RunLoop in local thread")
                     _guestThread = thread(start = true, name = "KenjinxGuest") { runGame() }
                 }
@@ -303,7 +303,7 @@ class GameHost(context: Context?, private val mainViewModel: MainViewModel) : Su
 
         KenjinxNative.uiHandlerSetResponse(false, "")
 
-        // Emulation im Service stoppen (falls dort gestartet)
+        // Stop emulation in the service (if started there)
         try {
             if (emuBound && _startedViaService) {
                 emuBinder?.stopEmulation {
@@ -312,14 +312,14 @@ class GameHost(context: Context?, private val mainViewModel: MainViewModel) : Su
             }
         } catch (_: Throwable) { }
 
-        // Fallback: lokaler Thread beenden
+        // Fallback: stop local thread
         try { _updateThread?.join(200) } catch (_: Throwable) {}
         try { _renderingThreadWatcher?.join(200) } catch (_: Throwable) {}
 
-        // Bindung lösen
+        // Unbind
         shutdownBinding()
 
-        // Service explizit beenden (falls noch läuft)
+        // Explicitly stop the service (if still running)
         try {
             mainViewModel.activity.stopService(Intent(mainViewModel.activity, EmulationService::class.java))
         } catch (_: Throwable) { }
@@ -429,7 +429,7 @@ class GameHost(context: Context?, private val mainViewModel: MainViewModel) : Su
 
                 attempts++
 
-                // 1 stabiler Tick oder max. 12 Versuche
+                // One stable tick or max. 12 attempts
                 if ((stableCount >= 1 || attempts >= 12) && w > 0 && h > 0) {
                     ghLog("resize stabilized after $attempts ticks → ${w}x$h")
                     safeSetSize(w, h)

src/KenjinxAndroid/app/src/main/java/org/kenjinx/android/KenjinxNative.kt

@@ -99,7 +99,7 @@ interface KenjinxNativeJna : Library {
     fun amiiboLoadBin(bytes: ByteArray, length: Int): Boolean
     fun amiiboClear()
 
-    // AUDIO (neu): direkte JNA-Brücke zu C#-Exports
+    // AUDIO (new): direct JNA bridge to C# exports
     fun audioSetPaused(paused: Boolean)
     fun audioSetMuted(muted: Boolean)
 }
@@ -115,7 +115,7 @@ object KenjinxNative : KenjinxNativeJna by jnaInstance {
     fun loggingSetEnabled(logLevel: LogLevel, enabled: Boolean) =
         loggingSetEnabled(logLevel.ordinal, enabled)
 
-    // --- Rendering: Single-Thread-Option & sichere Wrapper --------------------
+    // --- Rendering: single-thread option & safe wrappers --------------------
 
     // 0 = Auto, 1 = SingleThread (Disable Threaded), 2 = Threaded
     private const val THREADING_AUTO = 0
@@ -142,7 +142,7 @@ object KenjinxNative : KenjinxNativeJna by jnaInstance {
         try { jnaInstance.graphicsSetPresentEnabled(enabled) } catch (_: Throwable) { /* ignore */ }
     }
 
-    // Sichere deviceResize-Implementierung (reines Rendering)
+    // Safe deviceResize implementation (rendering-only)
     override fun deviceResize(width: Int, height: Int) {
         try {
             graphicsRendererSetSize(width, height)
@@ -150,7 +150,7 @@ object KenjinxNative : KenjinxNativeJna by jnaInstance {
         } catch (_: Throwable) { /* ignore */ }
     }
 
-    // Robustes graphicsInitialize mit QCOM-Heuristik + Fallback → SingleThread
+    // Robust graphicsInitialize with QCOM heuristic + fallback → SingleThread
     override fun graphicsInitialize(
         rescale: Float,
         maxAnisotropy: Float,
@@ -165,8 +165,8 @@ object KenjinxNative : KenjinxNativeJna by jnaInstance {
         val requested = backendThreading
         val isQcom = "qcom".equals(android.os.Build.HARDWARE, true)
 
-        // Heuristik: Auf QCOM bei „Auto“ zunächst SingleThread probieren,
+        // Heuristic: On QCOM with “Auto”, first try SingleThread;
-        // explizit gesetzte Werte bleiben unberührt.
+        // explicitly set values remain untouched.
         val firstChoice =
             if (isQcom && requested == THREADING_AUTO) THREADING_SINGLE else requested
 
@@ -212,7 +212,7 @@ object KenjinxNative : KenjinxNativeJna by jnaInstance {
         }
     }
 
-    // --- optionale Wrapper für Audio (safer logging) ---
+    // --- optional wrappers for audio (safer logging) ---
     override fun audioSetPaused(paused: Boolean) {
         try { jnaInstance.audioSetPaused(paused) }
         catch (t: Throwable) { Log.w("KenjinxNative", "audioSetPaused unavailable", t) }

src/KenjinxAndroid/app/src/main/java/org/kenjinx/android/MainActivity.kt

@@ -60,7 +60,7 @@ class MainActivity : BaseActivity() {
     var storageHelper: SimpleStorageHelper? = null
     lateinit var uiHandler: UiHandler
 
-    // Persistenz für Zombie-Erkennung
+    // Persistence for zombie detection
     private val PREFS = "emu_core"
     private val KEY_EMU_RUNNING = "emu_running"
 
@@ -297,7 +297,7 @@ class MainActivity : BaseActivity() {
         WindowCompat.setDecorFitsSystemWindows(window, false)
         window.addFlags(WindowManager.LayoutParams.FLAG_KEEP_SCREEN_ON)
 
-        // Apply alignment
+        // Apply orientation preference
         applyOrientationPreference()
 
         WindowInsetsControllerCompat(window, window.decorView).let { controller ->
@@ -361,9 +361,9 @@ class MainActivity : BaseActivity() {
 
     // --- Audio foreground/background gating ---
     private fun setAudioForegroundState(inForeground: Boolean) {
-        // bevorzugt: pausieren statt nur muten
+        // Prefer: pause instead of just mute
         try { KenjinxNative.audioSetPaused(!inForeground) } catch (_: Throwable) {}
-        // fallback: Master-Mute
+        // Fallback: master mute
         try { KenjinxNative.audioSetMuted(!inForeground) } catch (_: Throwable) {}
     }
 
@@ -392,7 +392,7 @@ class MainActivity : BaseActivity() {
             setPresentEnabled(false, "onStop")
             try { KenjinxNative.detachWindow() } catch (_: Throwable) {}
         }
-        // WICHTIG: Bindung sicher lösen (verhindert Leak)
+        // IMPORTANT: unbind safely (prevents leak)
         try { mainViewModel?.gameHost?.shutdownBinding() } catch (_: Throwable) {}
     }
 
@@ -472,7 +472,7 @@ class MainActivity : BaseActivity() {
 
         if (hasFocus && isActive) {
             setAudioForegroundState(true)
-            // NEU: zuerst sicherstellen, dass die Bindung existiert
+            // NEW: first ensure that the binding exists
             try { mainViewModel?.gameHost?.ensureServiceStartedAndBound() } catch (_: Throwable) {}
 
             setPresentEnabled(false, "focus gained → pre-rebind")
@@ -506,7 +506,7 @@ class MainActivity : BaseActivity() {
         try { displayManager.unregisterDisplayListener(displayListener) } catch (_: Throwable) {}
         try { unregisterReceiver(serviceStopReceiver) } catch (_: Throwable) {}
 
-        // NEU: Bindung aufräumen (verhindert Leak beim Task-Swipe)
+        // NEW: clean up binding (prevents leak when swiping away the task)
         try { mainViewModel?.gameHost?.shutdownBinding() } catch (_: Throwable) {}
     }
 
@@ -617,7 +617,7 @@ class MainActivity : BaseActivity() {
         val prefs = PreferenceManager.getDefaultSharedPreferences(this)
         val legacyPath = prefs.getString("gameFolder", null)
         if (!legacyPath.isNullOrEmpty()) {
-            // Ohne SAF-URI kein Tree-Listing möglich
+            // Without a SAF URI, tree listing is not possible
         }
         return null
     }
@@ -649,7 +649,7 @@ class MainActivity : BaseActivity() {
     override fun onDestroy() {
         handler.removeCallbacks(enablePresentWhenReady)
         handler.removeCallbacks(reattachWindowWhenReady)
-        // NEU: falls die Activity stirbt → Bindung garantiert lösen
+        // NEW: if the activity dies → ensure unbinding
         try { mainViewModel?.gameHost?.shutdownBinding() } catch (_: Throwable) {}
         super.onDestroy()
     }

src/KenjinxAndroid/app/src/main/java/org/kenjinx/android/service/EmulationService.kt

@@ -20,7 +20,7 @@ import java.util.concurrent.Future
 import java.util.concurrent.atomic.AtomicBoolean
 
 /**
- * Foreground-Service für stabile Emulation im Hintergrund.
+ * Foreground service for stable emulation in the background.
  * Manifest: android:foregroundServiceType="mediaPlayback"
  */
 class EmulationService : Service() {
@@ -41,7 +41,7 @@ class EmulationService : Service() {
     private lateinit var executor: ExecutorService
     private var future: Future<*>? = null
     private val running = AtomicBoolean(false)
-    // Nur wenn eine Emulation wirklich lief, dürfen wir nativ „hard close“ machen
+    // Only if an emulation actually ran, we are allowed to perform a native “hard close”
     private val startedOnce = AtomicBoolean(false)
 
     override fun onCreate() {
@@ -70,7 +70,7 @@ class EmulationService : Service() {
     override fun onTaskRemoved(rootIntent: Intent?) {
         super.onTaskRemoved(rootIntent)
         try { future?.cancel(true) } catch (_: Throwable) {}
-        // Nur schließen, wenn zuvor gestartet
+        // Only close if it was previously started
         hardCloseNativeIfStarted("onTaskRemoved")
         running.set(false)
         stopForeground(STOP_FOREGROUND_REMOVE)
@@ -87,17 +87,17 @@ class EmulationService : Service() {
         try { sendBroadcast(Intent(ACTION_STOPPED).setPackage(packageName)) } catch (_: Throwable) {}
     }
 
-    // ---- Steuerung via Binder ----
+    // ---- Control via Binder ----
 
     private fun startEmulation(runLoopBlock: () -> Unit) {
-        // Nur einen RunLoop zulassen
+        // Allow only a single run loop
         if (!running.compareAndSet(false, true)) return
 
         future = executor.submit {
             try {
-                // *** Kein Preflight-HardClose mehr! *** (crasht beim allerersten Start)
+                // *** No preflight hard-close anymore! *** (crashes on the very first start)
                 startedOnce.set(true)
-                runLoopBlock()   // blockiert bis Emulation endet
+                runLoopBlock()   // blocks until emulation ends
             } finally {
                 startedOnce.set(false)
                 running.set(false)
@@ -125,12 +125,12 @@ class EmulationService : Service() {
         stopSelf()
     }
 
-    // ---- Native Cleanup nur wenn jemals gestartet ----
+    // ---- Native cleanup only if it was ever started ----
     private fun hardCloseNativeIfStarted(reason: String) {
         if (!startedOnce.get()) return
         try { KenjinxNative.detachWindow() } catch (_: Throwable) {}
         try { KenjinxNative.deviceCloseEmulation() } catch (_: Throwable) {}
-        // KEIN graphicsSetPresentEnabled(false) hier – führt bei kaltem Start zu NRE in VulkanRenderer.ReleaseSurface()
+        // NO graphicsSetPresentEnabled(false) here — causes NRE in VulkanRenderer.ReleaseSurface() on a cold start
         // android.util.Log.d("EmuService", "hardCloseNativeIfStarted: $reason")
     }
 

src/KenjinxAndroid/app/src/main/java/org/kenjinx/android/viewmodels/MainViewModel.kt

@@ -188,7 +188,7 @@ class MainViewModel(val activity: MainActivity) {
         runBlocking {
             semaphore.acquire()
             launchOnUiThread {
-                // We are only able to initialize the emulation context on the main thread
+                // We can only initialize the emulation context on the main thread
                 val tzId = TimeZone.getDefault().id
                 success = KenjinxNative.deviceInitialize(
                     settings.memoryManagerMode.ordinal,
@@ -300,7 +300,7 @@ class MainViewModel(val activity: MainActivity) {
         runBlocking {
             semaphore.acquire()
             launchOnUiThread {
-                // We are only able to initialize the emulation context on the main thread
+                // We can only initialize the emulation context on the main thread
                 val tzId = TimeZone.getDefault().id
                 success = KenjinxNative.deviceInitialize(
                     settings.memoryManagerMode.ordinal,

src/LibKenjinx/Android/JniExportedMethods.cs

@@ -957,7 +957,7 @@ namespace LibKenjinx
 
         // ===== PresentAllowed / Surface Control (JNI) =====
 
-        // alias für ältere Aufrufe, falls vorhanden
+        // alias for older calls, if present
         [UnmanagedCallersOnly(EntryPoint = "graphicsRendererSetPresent")]
         public static void JniGraphicsRendererSetPresent(bool enabled)
         {
@@ -975,7 +975,7 @@ namespace LibKenjinx
             }
         }
 
-        // neuer Name: passt zu KenjinxNative.graphicsSetPresentEnabled(...)
+        // new name: matches KenjinxNative.graphicsSetPresentEnabled(...)
         [UnmanagedCallersOnly(EntryPoint = "graphicsSetPresentEnabled")]
         public static void JniGraphicsSetPresentEnabled(bool enabled)
         {
@@ -1003,7 +1003,7 @@ namespace LibKenjinx
             }
         }
 
-        // von MainActivity/GameHost benutzt
+        // used by MainActivity/GameHost
         [UnmanagedCallersOnly(EntryPoint = "reattachWindowIfReady")]
         public static bool JniReattachWindowIfReady()
         {

src/LibKenjinx/LibKenjinx.Graphics.cs

@@ -62,14 +62,14 @@ namespace LibKenjinx
             else if (graphicsBackend == GraphicsBackend.Vulkan)
             {
                 // Prefer the platform-provided Vulkan loader (if present), fall back to default.
-                var api = VulkanLoader?.GetApi() ?? Vk.GetApi();
+                var api = VulkanLoader?.GetApi() ?? Silk.NET.Vulkan.Vk.GetApi();
 
                 Renderer = new VulkanRenderer(
                     api,
                     (instance, _) =>
                     {
-                        // use provided CreateSurface delegate (Android path will create ANativeWindow surface)
+                        // Use provided CreateSurface delegate (Android path will create ANativeWindow surface)
-                        return new SurfaceKHR(createSurfaceFunc == null ? null : (ulong?)createSurfaceFunc(instance.Handle));
+                        return new Silk.NET.Vulkan.SurfaceKHR(createSurfaceFunc == null ? null : (ulong?)createSurfaceFunc(instance.Handle));
                     },
                     () => requiredExtensions,
                     null);
@@ -226,7 +226,7 @@ namespace LibKenjinx
             _swapBuffersCallback = swapBuffersCallback;
         }
 
-        // ===== Convenience-Wrapper für Vulkan re-attach (von JNI nutzbar) =====
+        // ===== Convenience wrapper for Vulkan re-attach (usable from JNI) =====
         public static bool TryReattachSurface()
         {
             if (Renderer is VulkanRenderer vr)

src/Ryujinx.Graphics.Vulkan/VulkanRenderer.cs

@@ -28,7 +28,7 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Graphics.Vulkan
 
         private bool _initialized;
 
-        // JNI/Lifecycle-Flag
+        // JNI / lifecycle flag
         internal volatile bool PresentAllowed = true;
 
         public uint ProgramCount { get; set; } = 0;
@@ -52,7 +52,7 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Graphics.Vulkan
         internal Lock BackgroundQueueLock { get; private set; }
         internal Lock QueueLock { get; private set; }
 
-        // NEU: SurfaceLock, um Create/Destroy/Queries zu serialisieren
+        // NEW: SurfaceLock to serialize create/destroy/queries
         internal Lock SurfaceLock { get; private set; }
 
         internal MemoryAllocator MemoryAllocator { get; private set; }
@@ -506,7 +506,7 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Graphics.Vulkan
             Queue = queue;
             QueueLock = new();
 
-            // Init Locks
+            // Init locks
             SurfaceLock = new();
             if (maxQueueCount >= 2)
             {
@@ -1021,7 +1021,7 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Graphics.Vulkan
             return !(IsMoltenVk || IsQualcommProprietary);
         }
 
-        // ===== Surface/Present Lifecycle helpers =====
+        // ===== Surface/Present lifecycle helpers =====
 
         public unsafe bool RecreateSurface()
         {
@@ -1052,7 +1052,7 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Graphics.Vulkan
                 }
                 catch
                 {
-                    // retry später
+                    // retry later
                     return false;
                 }
             }

src/Ryujinx.Graphics.Vulkan/Window.cs

@@ -43,7 +43,7 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Graphics.Vulkan
         private ScalingFilter _currentScalingFilter;
         private bool _colorSpacePassthroughEnabled;
 
-        // Gate für alle vk*Surface*-Queries
+        // Gate for all vk*Surface* queries
         private volatile bool _allowSurfaceQueries = true;
 
         public unsafe Window(VulkanRenderer gd, SurfaceKHR surface, PhysicalDevice physicalDevice, Device device)
@@ -221,7 +221,7 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Graphics.Vulkan
                 var surfaceFormat = ChooseSwapSurfaceFormat(surfaceFormats, _colorSpacePassthroughEnabled);
                 var extent = ChooseSwapExtent(capabilities);
 
-                // Guard gegen 0x0-Extent direkt nach Resume
+                // Guard against 0x0 extent right after resume
                 if (extent.Width == 0 || extent.Height == 0)
                 {
                     _swapchainIsDirty = true;
@@ -239,10 +239,10 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Graphics.Vulkan
                 var usage = ImageUsageFlags.ColorAttachmentBit | ImageUsageFlags.TransferDstBit;
                 if (!PlatformInfo.IsBionic)
                 {
-                    usage |= ImageUsageFlags.StorageBit; // nur Desktop erlaubt Storage für swapchain
+                    usage |= ImageUsageFlags.StorageBit; // desktop only: allow storage on swapchain
                 }
 
-                // Auf Android: Identity; sonst der vom Treiber empfohlene CurrentTransform
+                // On Android: use identity; otherwise use the driver-recommended CurrentTransform
                 var preTransform = PlatformInfo.IsBionic
                     ? SurfaceTransformFlagsKHR.IdentityBitKhr
                     : capabilities.CurrentTransform;
@@ -411,7 +411,7 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Graphics.Vulkan
 
         public unsafe override void Present(ITexture texture, ImageCrop crop, Action swapBuffersCallback)
         {
-            // Falls Surface bereits neu ist, Queries aber noch gesperrt → freigeben.
+            // If the surface is already new but queries are still disabled → re-enable them.
             if (!_allowSurfaceQueries && _surface.Handle != 0)
             {
                 _allowSurfaceQueries = true;
@@ -423,7 +423,7 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Graphics.Vulkan
                 return;
             }
 
-            // Wenn Größe noch nicht da ist, Swapchain später neu aufbauen
+            // If size is not yet available, rebuild swapchain later
             if (_width <= 0 || _height <= 0)
             {
                 RecreateSwapchain();
@@ -431,7 +431,7 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Graphics.Vulkan
                 return;
             }
 
-            // Lazy-Init/Recovery
+            // Lazy init / recovery
             if (_swapchain.Handle == 0 || _imageAvailableSemaphores == null || _renderFinishedSemaphores == null)
             {
                 try { CreateSwapchain(); } catch { /* try again next frame */ }
@@ -473,7 +473,7 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Graphics.Vulkan
                 }
                 else if (acquireResult == Result.ErrorSurfaceLostKhr)
                 {
-                    // Im Hintergrund nicht sofort neu erstellen – freigeben und zurück
+                    // In background do not recreate immediately—release and return
                     _gd.ReleaseSurface();
                     swapBuffersCallback?.Invoke();
                     return;
@@ -491,13 +491,13 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Graphics.Vulkan
 
             var cbs = _gd.CommandBufferPool.Rent();
 
-            // --- Layout/Stages je nach Pfad korrekt setzen ---
+            // --- Set layout/stages correctly depending on path ---
-            bool allowStorageDst = !PlatformInfo.IsBionic; // Android: kein Storage auf Swapchain
+            bool allowStorageDst = !PlatformInfo.IsBionic; // Android: no storage on swapchain
             bool useComputeDst = allowStorageDst && _scalingFilter != null;
 
             if (useComputeDst)
             {
-                // Compute schreibt in das Swapchain-Image → General + ShaderWrite
+                // Compute writes to the swapchain image → General + ShaderWrite
                 Transition(
                     cbs.CommandBuffer,
                     swapchainImage,
@@ -510,7 +510,7 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Graphics.Vulkan
             }
             else
             {
-                // Renderpass schreibt in das Swapchain-Image → ColorAttachmentOptimal
+                // Render pass writes to the swapchain image → ColorAttachmentOptimal
                 Transition(
                     cbs.CommandBuffer,
                     swapchainImage,
@@ -616,7 +616,7 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Graphics.Vulkan
                     true);
             }
 
-            // Transition zu Present – Stages/Access je nach vorherigem Pfad
+            // Transition to Present — stages/access depending on previous path
             if (useComputeDst)
             {
                 Transition(
@@ -643,7 +643,7 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Graphics.Vulkan
             }
 
             var waitSems = new Silk.NET.Vulkan.Semaphore[] { _imageAvailableSemaphores[semaphoreIndex] };
-            var waitStages = new PipelineStageFlags[] { PipelineStageFlags.ColorAttachmentOutputBit }; // wichtig auf Android
+            var waitStages = new PipelineStageFlags[] { PipelineStageFlags.ColorAttachmentOutputBit }; // important on Android
             var signalSems = new Silk.NET.Vulkan.Semaphore[] { _renderFinishedSemaphores[semaphoreIndex] };
             _gd.CommandBufferPool.Return(cbs, waitSems, waitStages, signalSems);
 
@@ -835,8 +835,8 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Graphics.Vulkan
             // We don't need to use width and height as we can get the size from the surface.
             _swapchainIsDirty = true;
 
-            // Nach Resume sicherstellen, dass Surface-Queries wieder erlaubt sind,
+            // After resume, ensure surface queries are enabled again
-            // falls vorher OnSurfaceLost() das Gate geschlossen hat.
+            // if OnSurfaceLost() previously closed the gate.
             if (_surface.Handle != 0)
             {
                 SetSurfaceQueryAllowed(true);
@@ -846,7 +846,7 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Graphics.Vulkan
         public override void ChangeVSyncMode(VSyncMode vSyncMode)
         {
             _vSyncMode = vSyncMode;
-            //present mode may change, so mark the swapchain for recreation
+            // Present mode may change, so mark the swapchain for recreation
             _swapchainIsDirty = true;
         }
 
@@ -904,7 +904,7 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Graphics.Vulkan
         {
             lock (_gd.SurfaceLock)
             {
-                // harte Aufräumaktion, damit nach Resume nichts „altes“ übrig ist
+                // Hard cleanup so nothing stale remains after resume
                 _swapchainIsDirty = true;
                 SetSurfaceQueryAllowed(false);
 
@@ -953,7 +953,7 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Graphics.Vulkan
                 }
 
                 _surface = new SurfaceKHR(0);
-                _width = _height = 0; // erzwingt späteren sauberen Recreate-Pfad
+                _width = _height = 0; // forces a clean recreate path later
             }
         }